Three-year Decreto Flussi 2023–2025 enacted — 452,000 permits

The Meloni government adopted a multi-year Decreto Flussi for 2023–2025 (Law 176/2023) allocating 452,000 non-EU work permits over three years — roughly triple the previous three-year total. Sectors prioritised: agriculture, construction, tourism, care, and specific industrial roles. The practical effect has been mixed: click-day allocation is instantly oversubscribed, and Questura processing backlogs partly blunt the quota increase.