Meridian · Freshness tracker

What's changed.

Dated updates to visa, tax, residency, citizenship, housing, and labour policy across every country tracked. Every entry cites its primary source and the date we last verified it.

Subscribe via RSS ↗ · 28 entries shown

Country All countriesDEGermanyPTPortugal
Category All categoriesVisa & immigrationResidencyCitizenshipTaxationLabourHousingHealthcareOther
In force 15 Jan 2025
In force Healthcare
DEGermany

Electronic patient record (ePA) rollout begins nationwide

The opt-out electronic patient record (elektronische Patientenakte, ePA) was rolled out nationally by statutory health insurers from 15 January 2025, after pilot regions in early 2025. Insured residents automatically receive an ePA unless they opt out; doctors, hospitals, and pharmacies access the record via the Telematik-Infrastruktur with the patient's health card.

Who it affects: All residents covered by statutory health insurance (gesetzliche Krankenversicherung).

Bundesministerium für Gesundheit ↗ · Bundesregierung (Federal Government) ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 1 Jan 2025
In force Visa & immigration
DEGermany

EU Blue Card 2025 salary thresholds updated

The annual update to the EU Blue Card salary thresholds for 2025 was published. Thresholds are indexed to the German statutory pension-insurance contribution ceiling (Beitragsbemessungsgrenze) and rise each year. Applicants should confirm the current figure on BAMF or Make it in Germany before applying; the practical rule of thumb is "regular" ≈ pension ceiling × 50%, "shortage" ≈ × 45.3%.

Who it affects: Non-EU applicants for the EU Blue Card in 2025.

Make it in Germany (Federal Government) ↗ · BAMF — Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 1 Jan 2025
In force Labour
PTPortugal

National minimum wage raised to €870 per month

The national minimum wage (Retribuição Mínima Mensal Garantida) rose from €820 to €870 per month (14 payments per year) on 1 January 2025, in line with the tripartite agreement on income and competitiveness. The minimum wage anchors the D8 digital-nomad visa income threshold (4× minimum) at approximately €3,480/month.

Who it affects: Low-wage employees, self-employed workers, and D8 / other salary-threshold visa applicants.

Portuguese Government Portal ↗ · Diário da República ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 1 Jan 2025
In force Taxation
DEGermany

Basic personal allowance and income tax brackets adjusted for 2025

The basic personal allowance (Grundfreibetrag) rose to €12,096 for 2025 (from €11,784 in 2024), and the income tax brackets were adjusted for cold-progression. The child allowance (Kinderfreibetrag) was also increased. Retroactive adjustment to 2024 values was included in the package.

Who it affects: All income tax payers; marginal effect on take-home pay.

Bundesministerium der Finanzen ↗ · Bundesregierung (Federal Government) ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 1 Jan 2025
In force Other
DEGermany

Deutschlandticket price rises from €49 to €58 per month

The monthly Deutschlandticket — a flat-rate nationwide pass covering regional and local public transport across Germany — rose from €49 to €58 per month on 1 January 2025 following agreement between federal and state governments on 23 September 2024.

Who it affects: All residents using regional and local public transport; a common cost-of-living input for movers.

Bundesregierung (Federal Government) ↗ · Deutsche Bahn — Deutschlandticket ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 1 Jan 2025
In force Labour
DEGermany

Statutory minimum wage raised to €12.82 per hour

The Minimum Wage Commission's recommendation was adopted and the statutory national minimum wage (Mindestlohn) rose from €12.41 to €12.82 per hour on 1 January 2025. A further increase to €13.90 is scheduled for 1 January 2026.

Who it affects: Low-wage employees nationwide; mini-job thresholds also adjusted accordingly.

Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales ↗ · Bundesregierung (Federal Government) ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 1 Nov 2024
In force Housing
PTPortugal

Partial rollback of Mais Habitação under Construir Portugal plan

The Montenegro government's Construir Portugal housing plan partially rolled back several Mais Habitação provisions: the compulsory-leasing mechanism for long-empty properties and certain rental-market interventions were reversed or softened; short-term-let tax treatment adjusted; incentives re-weighted toward construction-side supply measures. Further legislative detail rolled through 2024–2025.

Who it affects: Landlords, investors, and tenants in Portuguese urban markets; further adjustments expected.

Portuguese Government Portal ↗ · Diário da República ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 27 Jun 2024
In force Citizenship
DEGermany

Citizenship Modernisation Act — dual citizenship allowed, residency requirement cut

The Staatsangehörigkeitsmodernisierungsgesetz came into force on 27 June 2024. Multiple citizenship is now permitted (previously, most non-EU applicants had to renounce their prior nationality). The standard residency requirement for naturalisation was reduced from eight years to five, and to three years for applicants demonstrating exceptional integration. Children born in Germany to non-German parents acquire citizenship at birth if one parent has been lawfully and habitually resident for at least five years.

Who it affects: Non-German residents seeking naturalisation; children of foreign residents born in Germany.

BMI — New law on nationality takes effect (27 June 2024) ↗ · Bundesministerium des Innern und für Heimat ↗ · Bundesregierung (Federal Government) ↗ · Bundesgesetzblatt (Federal Law Gazette) ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 4 Jun 2024
In force Residency
PTPortugal

Lei dos Estrangeiros reform — "expressão de interesse" route ended

Decree-Law 37-A/2024 ended the Article 89(2) "manifestation of interest" (expressão de interesse) route — under which non-EU nationals could enter Portugal on a tourist visa and legalise their status from within the country after starting employment and registering with Segurança Social. New applications must now go through a consular visa in the country of origin. Transitional rules protected applications filed before the reform date; the change materially tightened the immigration route most heavily used by Brazilian and Asian workers.

Who it affects: Non-EU nationals planning irregular-to-regular transition from within Portugal, particularly from Brazil, Pakistan, India, Nepal, and Bangladesh.

AIMA — Agência para a Integração, Migrações e Asilo ↗ · Portuguese Government Portal ↗ · Diário da República ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 3 Jun 2024
In force Residency
PTPortugal

AIMA backlog resolution plan announced (400,000+ pending files)

The Montenegro government announced a structured plan to clear the backlog of roughly 400,000 pending residence-permit cases inherited from the SEF-to-AIMA transition. The plan included dedicated processing task-forces ("Grupo de Missão") and later automated-decision procedures for specified application categories. Processing times for residence-permit renewals remained well above AIMA's target throughout 2024 and into 2025.

Who it affects: Non-EU residents awaiting residence-permit issue or renewal; an important context for arrival planning.

AIMA — Agência para a Integração, Migrações e Asilo ↗ · Portuguese Government Portal ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 1 Jun 2024
In force Labour
DEGermany

Western Balkans Regulation quota doubled to 50,000 per year

The annual quota under the Western Balkans Regulation (Westbalkanregelung) — which allows nationals of Albania, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia to take up any employment in Germany regardless of qualification — was doubled from 25,000 to 50,000 places per year and was made permanent.

Who it affects: Workers from the six Western Balkans countries seeking any category of employment in Germany.

Bundesregierung (Federal Government) ↗ · BAMF — Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 1 Jun 2024
In force Visa & immigration
DEGermany

Opportunity Card (Chancenkarte) comes into force

The points-based job-seeker residence permit introduced under Stage 3 of the Fachkräfteeinwanderungsgesetz reform came into force, allowing qualified non-EU nationals to enter Germany for up to one year to look for employment, with points awarded for qualifications, age, German/English language ability, and connection to Germany. Holders may work up to 20 hours per week or take two-week trial employment during the search.

Who it affects: Qualified non-EU nationals looking to enter Germany to search for qualified employment.

BAMF — Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge ↗ · Make it in Germany (Federal Government) ↗ · Bundesregierung (Federal Government) ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 1 Apr 2024
In force Other
DEGermany

Cannabis Act (KCanG) enters force — partial legalisation

The Konsumcannabisgesetz came into force on 1 April 2024. Adults may possess up to 25g of cannabis in public and 50g at home, grow up to three plants for personal use, and from 1 July 2024 access cultivation associations ("Anbauvereinigungen"). Public consumption remains restricted near schools, playgrounds, and sports facilities; driving-under-influence rules apply.

Who it affects: All residents; particularly relevant context for movers researching drug policy and employer testing regimes.

Bundesministerium für Gesundheit ↗ · Bundesregierung (Federal Government) ↗ · Bundesgesetzblatt (Federal Law Gazette) ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 28 Mar 2024
In force Taxation
DEGermany

Growth Opportunities Act (Wachstumschancengesetz) enters force

A significantly reduced version of the Growth Opportunities Act passed the Bundesrat on 22 March 2024 after mediation, entering force the following day. Key provisions: expanded loss-offset rules, increased thresholds for small-business simplified accounting, extended degressive depreciation on moveable assets, and mandatory e-invoicing for domestic B2B transactions from 2025.

Who it affects: Businesses and self-employed residents; affects bookkeeping and invoicing obligations from 2025.

Bundesministerium der Finanzen ↗ · Bundesregierung (Federal Government) ↗ · Bundesgesetzblatt (Federal Law Gazette) ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 1 Mar 2024
In force Visa & immigration
DEGermany

Skilled Immigration Act reform — Stage 2 enters force

Second stage introduced the "experienced worker" path — non-EU workers with at least two years of relevant qualified professional experience (and a qualification recognised in their country of origin) can work in Germany without prior German recognition of their credentials, provided a minimum salary threshold is met. Also introduced the "recognition partnership" enabling arrival while the formal recognition process runs in Germany.

Who it affects: Non-EU skilled workers without formally recognised German credentials; IT specialists in particular.

BAMF — Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge ↗ · Make it in Germany (Federal Government) ↗ · Bundesregierung (Federal Government) ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 1 Jan 2024
In force Taxation
PTPortugal

IRS 2024 — lower-bracket marginal rates cut

The 2024 IRS (personal income tax) reform retroactively cut marginal rates across the lower and middle brackets, with the second bracket's rate reduced from 21% to 16.5% as the headline change. The measure was designed to raise middle-income take-home pay and was applied retroactively from 1 January 2024 with adjustments processed in the 2024 annual return.

Who it affects: All Portuguese-resident income-tax payers, with the largest relative effect on middle earners.

Autoridade Tributária e Aduaneira ↗ · Portuguese Government Portal ↗ · Diário da República ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 1 Jan 2024
In force Visa & immigration
DEGermany

EU Blue Card 2024 salary thresholds set

Under the reformed thresholds, the EU Blue Card minimum gross annual salary for 2024 was set at €45,300 for standard qualified occupations and €41,041.80 for shortage occupations (MINT subjects, medicine, and several others) and recent graduates — a significant reduction from pre-reform levels.

Who it affects: Non-EU applicants for the EU Blue Card in 2024.

Make it in Germany (Federal Government) ↗ · BAMF — Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 1 Jan 2024
In force Taxation
PTPortugal

IFICI regime introduced as narrow successor to NHR

The Incentivo Fiscal à Investigação Científica e Inovação (IFICI, article 58-A of the Tax Benefits Statute) entered force alongside NHR closure. IFICI offers a flat 20% rate on qualifying Portuguese-source income for ten years, but eligibility is materially narrower than NHR: researchers at certified institutions, teaching staff at higher-education and Portuguese innovation-certified companies, qualified workers at IAPMEI-certified "startup"-status companies, and certain roles at companies in designated priority sectors. Movers should not assume IFICI eligibility from prior NHR-style planning without specific confirmation.

Who it affects: Researchers, specified innovation-sector workers, and founders at certified startups considering Portuguese residency.

Autoridade Tributária e Aduaneira ↗ · IAPMEI — Business Support Agency ↗ · Portuguese Government Portal ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 1 Jan 2024
In force Taxation
PTPortugal

Non-Habitual Resident (NHR) regime closed to new applicants

The 2024 State Budget (Lei do Orçamento do Estado para 2024) ended the Non-Habitual Resident tax regime for new applicants from 1 January 2024. NHR offered a flat 20% rate on qualifying Portuguese-source professional income and partial or full exemption on foreign-source income for ten years. Transitional rules allowed applications during 2024 for those meeting specific pre-2024 residency / employment-contract criteria. Existing NHR beneficiaries retain their status for the remainder of their ten-year period.

Who it affects: Non-residents planning a tax-advantaged move to Portugal after 1 January 2024.

Autoridade Tributária e Aduaneira ↗ · Portuguese Government Portal ↗ · Diário da República ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 18 Nov 2023
In force Visa & immigration
DEGermany

Skilled Immigration Act reform — Stage 1 enters force

The first stage of the Fachkräfteeinwanderungsgesetz reform came into force, lowering Blue Card salary thresholds, expanding the list of eligible professions, and allowing Blue Card holders to switch employers more flexibly within the first twelve months.

Who it affects: Non-EU skilled workers with tertiary qualifications seeking employment in Germany.

BAMF — Bundesamt für Migration und Flüchtlinge ↗ · Bundesregierung (Federal Government) ↗ · Make it in Germany (Federal Government) ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 29 Oct 2023
In force Residency
PTPortugal

AIMA replaces SEF as the immigration administrative authority

The Serviço de Estrangeiros e Fronteiras (SEF) was dissolved and its administrative immigration functions transferred to the newly-created Agência para a Integração, Migrações e Asilo (AIMA) from 29 October 2023. Border-security functions moved to PSP, GNR, and Polícia Judiciária. The transition has been accompanied by substantial processing backlogs for residence-permit applications and renewals throughout 2023–2025.

Who it affects: All non-EU residents applying for or renewing Portuguese residence permits.

AIMA — Agência para a Integração, Migrações e Asilo ↗ · Portuguese Government Portal ↗ · Diário da República ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 7 Oct 2023
In force Housing
PTPortugal

Mais Habitação housing-reform law enters force

Lei n.º 56/2023 (Mais Habitação) enters force on 7 October 2023 with multiple provisions: tightened short-term-rental (Alojamento Local, AL) licensing — including moratorium on new licences in Lisbon, Porto, and stress-market parishes; rental-price caps on new contracts in designated stressed markets; municipal powers to convert long-empty properties to social use; and restructuring of the Golden Visa (see separate entry).

Who it affects: Landlords, prospective landlords, short-term-let operators, and tenants in stressed urban markets.

Diário da República ↗ · Portuguese Government Portal ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 7 Oct 2023
In force Residency
PTPortugal

Golden Visa real-estate route abolished under Mais Habitação

The Mais Habitação housing-reform law (Lei n.º 56/2023) abolished the residential real-estate investment route of the Autorização de Residência para Investimento (ARI, "Golden Visa") from 7 October 2023. Remaining qualifying routes include regulated investment-fund subscriptions (€500,000), qualifying business creation, cultural-heritage donation, and R&D investment. Pending applications submitted before the cut-off were processed under the prior rules.

Who it affects: Non-EU high-net-worth applicants to the Portuguese Golden Visa.

AIMA — Agência para a Integração, Migrações e Asilo ↗ · Diário da República ↗ · Portuguese Government Portal ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 1 May 2023
In force Labour
PTPortugal

Agenda do Trabalho Digno enters force

Lei n.º 13/2023 (Agenda do Trabalho Digno) strengthened provisions around temporary-contract abuse, stricter rules on the conversion of fixed-term contracts to permanent, new framework for platform-work classification (addressing Uber/Bolt driver status), enhanced parental-leave rights, and the effective abolition of the healthcare "moderator fee" (taxa moderadora) for most SNS interactions.

Who it affects: Employees on fixed-term or platform-work contracts; patients using the SNS.

Portuguese Government Portal ↗ · Diário da República ↗ · Segurança Social ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 1 Jan 2023
In force Labour
DEGermany

Bürgergeld replaces Hartz IV (Arbeitslosengeld II)

The Bürgergeld reform came into force on 1 January 2023, replacing the previous Arbeitslosengeld II ("Hartz IV") regime. Standard rate raised, asset-protection thresholds materially expanded for the first two years of receipt, and sanction rules softened. Further rate increase applied on 1 January 2024.

Who it affects: Jobseekers and low-income residents in Germany.

Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales ↗ · Bundesregierung (Federal Government) ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 1 Jan 2023
In force Taxation
PTPortugal

Crypto-asset capital-gains tax rules enter force

Portugal began taxing crypto-asset capital gains from 1 January 2023 under the 2023 State Budget. Short-term gains (on assets held under 365 days) are taxed at a flat 28% (or optionally under the progressive IRS schedule); long-term gains on assets held at least 365 days remain exempt. Crypto-denominated salary is taxed as regular income.

Who it affects: Portuguese-resident holders of crypto assets; a specific attraction point versus most other EU regimes.

Autoridade Tributária e Aduaneira ↗ · Portuguese Government Portal ↗ · Diário da República ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 30 Oct 2022
In force Visa & immigration
PTPortugal

D8 Digital Nomad Visa introduced

Portugal introduced a dedicated remote-worker residence permit (visto de residência para exercício de atividade profissional prestada de forma remota, commonly "D8") from 30 October 2022. Applicants demonstrating foreign-source income of at least four times the national minimum wage (approximately €3,480/month in 2025) qualify for either a one-year temporary-stay visa or a residence permit renewable for up to five years with a path to permanent residence and citizenship.

Who it affects: Non-EU remote workers and freelancers with foreign clients considering Portuguese residency.

Portal de Vistos (Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeiros) ↗ · AIMA — Agência para a Integração, Migrações e Asilo ↗ · Diário da República ↗ · verified 2026-04-18

In force 30 Oct 2022
In force Visa & immigration
PTPortugal

Work-Seeker Visa (Visto para Procura de Trabalho) introduced

A new residence visa for the purpose of job search was created under the 2022 Lei dos Estrangeiros revision, allowing non-EU nationals to enter Portugal for up to 120 days (extendable once by 60 days) to look for work. Holders who sign an employment contract during the stay can then convert directly to a work residence permit without leaving the country.

Who it affects: Non-EU nationals seeking entry to Portugal to search for employment.

AIMA — Agência para a Integração, Migrações e Asilo ↗ · Portal de Vistos (Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeiros) ↗ · Diário da República ↗ · verified 2026-04-18