The ZEP programme — operating since 2010 for Zimbabwean nationals working in SA — was set for phase-out. The final extension to 30 June 2024 required ZEP holders to apply for mainstream visa types. A significant proportion converted successfully; others faced tough decisions around legal status. Litigation and public-interest advocacy continued through 2024–2025.
Approximately 178,000 Zimbabwean nationals previously on ZEP.
Primary: Department of Home Affairs (South Africa) ↗
Verified 2026-04-19 · methodology · report a correction