ES Bilbao — a mover's brief

What Bilbao actually looks, feels, and costs like for someone considering moving. Neighbourhoods, climate, transport, healthcare, safety, and the practical scaffolding — every figure sourced.

Country
Spain
Europe
Population
1,000,000
metro · 2024
Area
41 km²
Elevation
19 m
city centre
Time zone
Europe/Madrid
Currency
EUR
Airport
BIO · Bilbao Airport
Metro
3 metro lines · tram network
Walkability
●●●●○
editorial score · 1–5
Bike friendliness
●●●○○
editorial score · 1–5
Primary language
Spanish and Basque (Euskara) both official. English functional in international firms; Basque presence strong in public admin.

Source: INE España ↗ · verified 2026-04-22

Overview

Overview

Bilbao is a city of 1,000,000 people in Spain (Europe). The main international airport is BIO (Bilbao Airport). The metro system has 3 lines, alongside a tram network. As part of the EU and the Schengen area, Spain permits internal-EU freedom of movement for qualifying citizens.

A one-bedroom city-centre apartment runs approximately €1,000 per month. Monthly groceries for one person run approximately €260. A monthly public-transport pass costs €40. Across the 100 cities Meridian tracks, Bilbao ranks 40th overall on combined monthly essentials — in the middle of the range.

Bilbao's climate is mediterranean — August is typically the warmest month with average highs around 26°C, while January is the coldest with average lows near 5°C. Annual rainfall totals approximately 1276mm, wettest in November.

Cost of living

Cost of living

Total monthly essentials: approximately €1,430/month EUR-equivalent for a single person in a 1-bedroom flat (rent + utilities + groceries + transit). District and lifestyle swing this 30–50% either way.
ItemMonthly / item costSource
1-bedroom flat, city centre €1,000/mo Idealista free-sector market average ↗
Rent per square metre €14.50/m² Idealista Q4 2024 market average ↗
Utilities (85m² flat) €130/mo OCU consumer-association 2025 estimate ↗
Public transport pass €40/mo Bilbobus / Metro Bilbao combined ↗
Groceries, one person €260/mo OCU 2025 basket study ↗
Restaurant meal, average €16 Bilbao mid-range dining estimate ↗
How this city ranks

How this city ranks

Cost of living rank
40 / 100
2nd quintile (affordable) · across tracked cities
Within Spain
3 / 5
cheapest-to-most-expensive
Within Europe
11 / 37
regional cost ranking
Composite cost (EUR)
€1,430/mo
rent + utilities + food + transit

See the full rankings: Cheapest cities · Most expensive · Broadband ranking

Climate

Climate

Monthly normals — high · low (°C)
Annual: 19.2° / 10.3° · 1276mm rainfall
Jan 13° Feb 14° Mar 16° Apr 17° May 20° 11° Jun 23° 14° Jul 25° 16° Aug 26° 16° Sep 24° 14° Oct 21° 12° Nov 17° Dec 14°
Monthly rainfall (mm)
127 103 102 125 104 67 67 79 89 122 152 139

Hottest month typically Aug, coldest Jan. Values are station normals — actual weather varies year-to-year. Source: AEMET — Valores climatológicos normales 1991–2020 ↗

Country context

Country context

Visa policy, taxation, healthcare, and broadband infrastructure are national rather than city-level — the numbers below are Spain-wide context for someone weighing Bilbao specifically. Each links through to the full country brief.

Top income tax (national)
47%
applies to Spain residents
Health spending
9.2% of GDP
Spain · 2023
Life expectancy
83.9 yrs
at birth, Spain
Broadband penetration
39.2/100
national average
Visa routes tracked
4
to enter Spain

Full Spain country brief →

Recent policy changes

Recent policy changes

Policy changes apply nationally to Spain and therefore affect Bilbao. The three most recent:

In force 9 Nov 2028
Announced Housing

Barcelona tourist-flat licences to lapse by November 2028

The Ajuntament de Barcelona announced in June 2024 that it would not renew any of the approximately 10,100 existing tourist-rental (HUT) licences in the city when they expire by 9 November 2028, effectively ending short-term holiday rentals within Barcelona. Regional bodies published implementing decisions through 2024-2025.

Who it affects: Owners of licensed tourist flats in Barcelona; long-term rental supply expected to rise.

Ministerio de Vivienda y Agenda Urbana ↗ · Gobierno de España — La Moncloa ↗ · verified 2026-04-21

In force 1 Jul 2025
In force Housing

National short-term rental registry (Registro Único de Alquileres) mandatory

From 1 July 2025 all operators of short-term rental accommodation (Airbnb, Booking, direct-bookings) must register with the national Registro Único de Alquileres and display the registry number in listings. Designed to enforce licensing compliance in major tourist cities. Related municipal moratoria (notably Barcelona's plan to eliminate tourist rental licences by 2028) continue separately.

Who it affects: Short-term rental hosts and tourist-accommodation operators.

BOE — Boletín Oficial del Estado (Spanish Official Gazette) ↗ · La Moncloa — Spanish Government ↗ · verified 2026-04-19

In force 20 May 2025
In force Visa & immigration

Arraigo de segunda oportunidad (second-chance rootedness) created

The 2025 Reglamento introduced a new "arraigo de segunda oportunidad" path: third-country nationals who previously held legal residence for at least two years but lost it may regularise on demonstrating current Spanish ties and integration. The reform package is expected to regularise around 300,000 people per year over three years.

Who it affects: Former long-term residents who lost legal status; irregular residents who previously held status.

Boletín Oficial del Estado ↗ · Ministerio de Inclusión, Seguridad Social y Migraciones ↗ · verified 2026-04-21

Full Spain changes feed →

Compare and explore

Compare and explore

Bilbao against other places Meridian tracks — at country level for full economic / visa / tax context, or city-level for cost-of-living.

Country comparisons including Spain

Other cities in Spain

Frequently asked

Frequently asked

How much does it cost to live in Bilbao?
A one-bedroom apartment in central Bilbao rents for around €1,000 per month. Combined monthly essentials (rent + utilities + groceries + transit) total approximately €1,430 EUR-equivalent. Individual spend varies 30–50% by district and lifestyle.
Is Bilbao expensive compared to other global cities?
Bilbao ranks 40th out of 100 cities Meridian tracks for combined monthly living costs — in the affordable half, and 3rd of 5 within Spain. Rankings use EUR-normalised rent + utilities + groceries + transit.
What's the weather like in Bilbao?
Bilbao sees average summer highs of 26°C in August and winter lows of 5°C in January. Annual rainfall totals about 1276mm. Full monthly breakdown in the Climate section above.
What visa do I need to move to Bilbao?
Bilbao's visa regime is set at the national level — Spain tracks 4 residence-permit routes including Digital Nomad Visa (DNV), Highly Qualified Professional (HQP) residence permit, Startup / Entrepreneur Visa, among others. See the Spain country brief for full eligibility, salary thresholds, and processing times.
How do you get around in Bilbao?
Bilbao has 3 metro lines plus an extensive tram network; the city centre is highly walkable (Meridian editorial score 4/5). Monthly transit pass cost is in the breakdown above.
What language is spoken in Bilbao?
Spanish and Basque (Euskara) both official. English functional in international firms; Basque presence strong in public admin.
What is the main airport for Bilbao?
Bilbao's primary international airport is BIO (Bilbao Airport).

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